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jail.py
# emacs: -*- mode: python; py-indent-offset: 4; indent-tabs-mode: t -*- # vi: set ft=python sts=4 ts=4 sw=4 noet : # This file is part of Fail2Ban. # # Fail2Ban is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # Fail2Ban is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with Fail2Ban; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. # Author: Cyril Jaquier __author__ = "Cyril Jaquier, Lee Clemens, Yaroslav Halchenko" __copyright__ = "Copyright (c) 2004 Cyril Jaquier, 2011-2012 Lee Clemens, 2012 Yaroslav Halchenko" __license__ = "GPL" import logging import math import random import queue from .actions import Actions from ..helpers import getLogger, _as_bool, extractOptions, MyTime from .mytime import MyTime # Gets the instance of the logger. logSys = getLogger(__name__) class Jail(object): """Fail2Ban jail, which manages a filter and associated actions. The class handles the initialisation of a filter, and actions. It's role is then to act as an interface between the filter and actions, passing bans detected by the filter, for the actions to then act upon. Parameters ---------- name : str Name assigned to the jail. backend : str Backend to be used for filter. "auto" will attempt to pick the most preferred backend method. Default: "auto" db : Fail2BanDb Fail2Ban persistent database instance. Default: `None` Attributes ---------- name database filter actions idle status """ #Known backends. Each backend should have corresponding __initBackend method # yoh: stored in a list instead of a tuple since only # list had .index until 2.6 _BACKENDS = ['pyinotify', 'gamin', 'polling', 'systemd'] def __init__(self, name, backend = "auto", db=None): self.__db = db # 26 based on iptable chain name limit of 30 less len('f2b-') if len(name) >= 26: logSys.warning("Jail name %r might be too long and some commands " "might not function correctly. Please shorten" % name) self.__name = name self.__queue = queue.Queue() self.__filter = None # Extra parameters for increase ban time self._banExtra = {}; logSys.info("Creating new jail '%s'" % self.name) if backend is not None: self._setBackend(backend) self.backend = backend def __repr__(self): return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.name) def _setBackend(self, backend): backend, beArgs = extractOptions(backend) backend = backend.lower() # to assure consistent matching backends = self._BACKENDS if backend != 'auto': # we have got strict specification of the backend to use if not (backend in self._BACKENDS): logSys.error("Unknown backend %s. Must be among %s or 'auto'" % (backend, backends)) raise ValueError("Unknown backend %s. Must be among %s or 'auto'" % (backend, backends)) # so explore starting from it till the 'end' backends = backends[backends.index(backend):] for b in backends: initmethod = getattr(self, '_init%s' % b.capitalize()) try: initmethod(**beArgs) if backend != 'auto' and b != backend: logSys.warning("Could only initiated %r backend whenever " "%r was requested" % (b, backend)) else: logSys.info("Initiated %r backend" % b) self.__actions = Actions(self) return # we are done except ImportError as e: # pragma: no cover # Log debug if auto, but error if specific logSys.log( logging.DEBUG if backend == "auto" else logging.ERROR, "Backend %r failed to initialize due to %s" % (b, e)) # pragma: no cover # log error since runtime error message isn't printed, INVALID COMMAND logSys.error( "Failed to initialize any backend for Jail %r" % self.name) raise RuntimeError( "Failed to initialize any backend for Jail %r" % self.name) def _initPolling(self, **kwargs): from .filterpoll import FilterPoll logSys.info("Jail '%s' uses poller %r" % (self.name, kwargs)) self.__filter = FilterPoll(self, **kwargs) def _initGamin(self, **kwargs): # Try to import gamin from .filtergamin import FilterGamin logSys.info("Jail '%s' uses Gamin %r" % (self.name, kwargs)) self.__filter = FilterGamin(self, **kwargs) def _initPyinotify(self, **kwargs): # Try to import pyinotify from .filterpyinotify import FilterPyinotify logSys.info("Jail '%s' uses pyinotify %r" % (self.name, kwargs)) self.__filter = FilterPyinotify(self, **kwargs) def _initSystemd(self, **kwargs): # pragma: systemd no cover # Try to import systemd from .filtersystemd import FilterSystemd logSys.info("Jail '%s' uses systemd %r" % (self.name, kwargs)) self.__filter = FilterSystemd(self, **kwargs) @property def name(self): """Name of jail. """ return self.__name @property def database(self): """The database used to store persistent data for the jail. """ return self.__db @database.setter def database(self, value): self.__db = value; @property def filter(self): """The filter which the jail is using to monitor log files. """ return self.__filter @property def actions(self): """Actions object used to manage actions for jail. """ return self.__actions @property def idle(self): """A boolean indicating whether jail is idle. """ return self.filter.idle or self.actions.idle @idle.setter def idle(self, value): self.filter.idle = value self.actions.idle = value def status(self, flavor="basic"): """The status of the jail. """ return [ ("Filter", self.filter.status(flavor=flavor)), ("Actions", self.actions.status(flavor=flavor)), ] @property def hasFailTickets(self): """Retrieve whether queue has tickets to ban. """ return not self.__queue.empty() def putFailTicket(self, ticket): """Add a fail ticket to the jail. Used by filter to add a failure for banning. """ self.__queue.put(ticket) # add ban to database moved to observer (should previously check not already banned # and increase ticket time if "bantime.increment" set) def getFailTicket(self): """Get a fail ticket from the jail. Used by actions to get a failure for banning. """ try: ticket = self.__queue.get(False) return ticket except queue.Empty: return False def setBanTimeExtra(self, opt, value): # merge previous extra with new option: be = self._banExtra; if value == '': value = None if value is not None: be[opt] = value; elif opt in be: del be[opt] logSys.info('Set banTime.%s = %s', opt, value) if opt == 'increment': be[opt] = _as_bool(value) if be.get(opt) and self.database is None: logSys.warning("ban time increment is not available as long jail database is not set") if opt in ['maxtime', 'rndtime']: if not value is None: be[opt] = MyTime.str2seconds(value) # prepare formula lambda: if opt in ['formula', 'factor', 'maxtime', 'rndtime', 'multipliers'] or be.get('evformula', None) is None: # split multifiers to an array begins with 0 (or empty if not set): if opt == 'multipliers': be['evmultipliers'] = [int(i) for i in (value.split(' ') if value is not None and value != '' else [])] # if we have multifiers - use it in lambda, otherwise compile and use formula within lambda multipliers = be.get('evmultipliers', []) banFactor = eval(be.get('factor', "1")) if len(multipliers): evformula = lambda ban, banFactor=banFactor: ( ban.Time * banFactor * multipliers[ban.Count if ban.Count < len(multipliers) else -1] ) else: formula = be.get('formula', 'ban.Time * (1<<(ban.Count if ban.Count<20 else 20)) * banFactor') formula = compile(formula, '~inline-conf-expr~', 'eval') evformula = lambda ban, banFactor=banFactor, formula=formula: max(ban.Time, eval(formula)) # extend lambda with max time : if not be.get('maxtime', None) is None: maxtime = be['maxtime'] evformula = lambda ban, evformula=evformula: min(evformula(ban), maxtime) # mix lambda with random time (to prevent bot-nets to calculate exact time IP can be unbanned): if not be.get('rndtime', None) is None: rndtime = be['rndtime'] evformula = lambda ban, evformula=evformula: (evformula(ban) + random.random() * rndtime) # set to extra dict: be['evformula'] = evformula #logSys.info('banTimeExtra : %s' % json.dumps(be)) def getBanTimeExtra(self, opt=None): if opt is not None: return self._banExtra.get(opt, None) return self._banExtra def getMaxBanTime(self): """Returns max possible ban-time of jail. """ return self._banExtra.get("maxtime", -1) \ if self._banExtra.get('increment') else self.actions.getBanTime() def restoreCurrentBans(self, correctBanTime=True): """Restore any previous valid bans from the database. """ try: if self.database is not None: if self._banExtra.get('increment'): forbantime = None; if correctBanTime: correctBanTime = self.getMaxBanTime() else: # use ban time as search time if we have not enabled a increasing: forbantime = self.actions.getBanTime() for ticket in self.database.getCurrentBans(jail=self, forbantime=forbantime, correctBanTime=correctBanTime, maxmatches=self.filter.failManager.maxMatches ): try: #logSys.debug('restored ticket: %s', ticket) if self.filter.inIgnoreIPList(ticket.getID(), log_ignore=True): continue # mark ticked was restored from database - does not put it again into db: ticket.restored = True # correct start time / ban time (by the same end of ban): btm = ticket.getBanTime(forbantime) diftm = MyTime.time() - ticket.getTime() if btm != -1 and diftm > 0: btm -= diftm # ignore obsolete tickets: if btm != -1 and btm <= 0: continue self.putFailTicket(ticket) except Exception as e: # pragma: no cover logSys.error('Restore ticket failed: %s', e, exc_info=logSys.getEffectiveLevel()<=logging.DEBUG) except Exception as e: # pragma: no cover logSys.error('Restore bans failed: %s', e, exc_info=logSys.getEffectiveLevel()<=logging.DEBUG) def start(self): """Start the jail, by starting filter and actions threads. Once stated, also queries the persistent database to reinstate any valid bans. """ logSys.debug("Starting jail %r", self.name) self.filter.start() self.actions.start() self.restoreCurrentBans() logSys.info("Jail %r started", self.name) def stop(self, stop=True, join=True): """Stop the jail, by stopping filter and actions threads. """ if stop: logSys.debug("Stopping jail %r", self.name) for obj in (self.filter, self.actions): try: ## signal to stop filter / actions: if stop: obj.stop() ## wait for end of threads: if join: obj.join() except Exception as e: logSys.error("Stop %r of jail %r failed: %s", obj, self.name, e, exc_info=logSys.getEffectiveLevel()<=logging.DEBUG) if join: logSys.info("Jail %r stopped", self.name) def isAlive(self): """Check jail "isAlive" by checking filter and actions threads. """ return self.filter.isAlive() or self.actions.isAlive()
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