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name : dma-resv.h
 /*
 * Header file for reservations for dma-buf and ttm
 *
 * Copyright(C) 2011 Linaro Limited. All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Canonical Ltd
 * Copyright (C) 2012 Texas Instruments
 *
 * Authors:
 * Rob Clark <robdclark@gmail.com>
 * Maarten Lankhorst <maarten.lankhorst@canonical.com>
 * Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom-at-vmware-dot-com>
 *
 * Based on bo.c which bears the following copyright notice,
 * but is dual licensed:
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2009 VMware, Inc., Palo Alto, CA., USA
 * All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
 * "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
 * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
 * distribute, sub license, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
 * permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
 * the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the
 * next paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions
 * of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS, AUTHORS AND/OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
 * DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
 * OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
 * USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */
#ifndef _LINUX_RESERVATION_H
#define _LINUX_RESERVATION_H

#include <linux/ww_mutex.h>
#include <linux/dma-fence.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/seqlock.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>

extern struct ww_class reservation_ww_class;

struct dma_resv_list;

/**
 * enum dma_resv_usage - how the fences from a dma_resv obj are used
 *
 * This enum describes the different use cases for a dma_resv object and
 * controls which fences are returned when queried.
 *
 * An important fact is that there is the order KERNEL<WRITE<READ<BOOKKEEP and
 * when the dma_resv object is asked for fences for one use case the fences
 * for the lower use case are returned as well.
 *
 * For example when asking for WRITE fences then the KERNEL fences are returned
 * as well. Similar when asked for READ fences then both WRITE and KERNEL
 * fences are returned as well.
 *
 * Already used fences can be promoted in the sense that a fence with
 * DMA_RESV_USAGE_BOOKKEEP could become DMA_RESV_USAGE_READ by adding it again
 * with this usage. But fences can never be degraded in the sense that a fence
 * with DMA_RESV_USAGE_WRITE could become DMA_RESV_USAGE_READ.
 */
enum dma_resv_usage {
	/**
	 * @DMA_RESV_USAGE_KERNEL: For in kernel memory management only.
	 *
	 * This should only be used for things like copying or clearing memory
	 * with a DMA hardware engine for the purpose of kernel memory
	 * management.
	 *
	 * Drivers *always* must wait for those fences before accessing the
	 * resource protected by the dma_resv object. The only exception for
	 * that is when the resource is known to be locked down in place by
	 * pinning it previously.
	 */
	DMA_RESV_USAGE_KERNEL,

	/**
	 * @DMA_RESV_USAGE_WRITE: Implicit write synchronization.
	 *
	 * This should only be used for userspace command submissions which add
	 * an implicit write dependency.
	 */
	DMA_RESV_USAGE_WRITE,

	/**
	 * @DMA_RESV_USAGE_READ: Implicit read synchronization.
	 *
	 * This should only be used for userspace command submissions which add
	 * an implicit read dependency.
	 */
	DMA_RESV_USAGE_READ,

	/**
	 * @DMA_RESV_USAGE_BOOKKEEP: No implicit sync.
	 *
	 * This should be used by submissions which don't want to participate in
	 * any implicit synchronization.
	 *
	 * The most common case are preemption fences, page table updates, TLB
	 * flushes as well as explicit synced user submissions.
	 *
	 * Explicit synced user user submissions can be promoted to
	 * DMA_RESV_USAGE_READ or DMA_RESV_USAGE_WRITE as needed using
	 * dma_buf_import_sync_file() when implicit synchronization should
	 * become necessary after initial adding of the fence.
	 */
	DMA_RESV_USAGE_BOOKKEEP
};

/**
 * dma_resv_usage_rw - helper for implicit sync
 * @write: true if we create a new implicit sync write
 *
 * This returns the implicit synchronization usage for write or read accesses,
 * see enum dma_resv_usage and &dma_buf.resv.
 */
static inline enum dma_resv_usage dma_resv_usage_rw(bool write)
{
	/* This looks confusing at first sight, but is indeed correct.
	 *
	 * The rational is that new write operations needs to wait for the
	 * existing read and write operations to finish.
	 * But a new read operation only needs to wait for the existing write
	 * operations to finish.
	 */
	return write ? DMA_RESV_USAGE_READ : DMA_RESV_USAGE_WRITE;
}

/**
 * struct dma_resv - a reservation object manages fences for a buffer
 *
 * This is a container for dma_fence objects which needs to handle multiple use
 * cases.
 *
 * One use is to synchronize cross-driver access to a struct dma_buf, either for
 * dynamic buffer management or just to handle implicit synchronization between
 * different users of the buffer in userspace. See &dma_buf.resv for a more
 * in-depth discussion.
 *
 * The other major use is to manage access and locking within a driver in a
 * buffer based memory manager. struct ttm_buffer_object is the canonical
 * example here, since this is where reservation objects originated from. But
 * use in drivers is spreading and some drivers also manage struct
 * drm_gem_object with the same scheme.
 */
struct dma_resv {
	/**
	 * @lock:
	 *
	 * Update side lock. Don't use directly, instead use the wrapper
	 * functions like dma_resv_lock() and dma_resv_unlock().
	 *
	 * Drivers which use the reservation object to manage memory dynamically
	 * also use this lock to protect buffer object state like placement,
	 * allocation policies or throughout command submission.
	 */
	struct ww_mutex lock;

	/**
	 * @fences:
	 *
	 * Array of fences which where added to the dma_resv object
	 *
	 * A new fence is added by calling dma_resv_add_fence(). Since this
	 * often needs to be done past the point of no return in command
	 * submission it cannot fail, and therefore sufficient slots need to be
	 * reserved by calling dma_resv_reserve_fences().
	 */
	struct dma_resv_list __rcu *fences;
};

/**
 * struct dma_resv_iter - current position into the dma_resv fences
 *
 * Don't touch this directly in the driver, use the accessor function instead.
 *
 * IMPORTANT
 *
 * When using the lockless iterators like dma_resv_iter_next_unlocked() or
 * dma_resv_for_each_fence_unlocked() beware that the iterator can be restarted.
 * Code which accumulates statistics or similar needs to check for this with
 * dma_resv_iter_is_restarted().
 */
struct dma_resv_iter {
	/** @obj: The dma_resv object we iterate over */
	struct dma_resv *obj;

	/** @usage: Return fences with this usage or lower. */
	enum dma_resv_usage usage;

	/** @fence: the currently handled fence */
	struct dma_fence *fence;

	/** @fence_usage: the usage of the current fence */
	enum dma_resv_usage fence_usage;

	/** @index: index into the shared fences */
	unsigned int index;

	/** @fences: the shared fences; private, *MUST* not dereference  */
	struct dma_resv_list *fences;

	/** @num_fences: number of fences */
	unsigned int num_fences;

	/** @is_restarted: true if this is the first returned fence */
	bool is_restarted;
};

struct dma_fence *dma_resv_iter_first_unlocked(struct dma_resv_iter *cursor);
struct dma_fence *dma_resv_iter_next_unlocked(struct dma_resv_iter *cursor);
struct dma_fence *dma_resv_iter_first(struct dma_resv_iter *cursor);
struct dma_fence *dma_resv_iter_next(struct dma_resv_iter *cursor);

/**
 * dma_resv_iter_begin - initialize a dma_resv_iter object
 * @cursor: The dma_resv_iter object to initialize
 * @obj: The dma_resv object which we want to iterate over
 * @usage: controls which fences to include, see enum dma_resv_usage.
 */
static inline void dma_resv_iter_begin(struct dma_resv_iter *cursor,
				       struct dma_resv *obj,
				       enum dma_resv_usage usage)
{
	cursor->obj = obj;
	cursor->usage = usage;
	cursor->fence = NULL;
}

/**
 * dma_resv_iter_end - cleanup a dma_resv_iter object
 * @cursor: the dma_resv_iter object which should be cleaned up
 *
 * Make sure that the reference to the fence in the cursor is properly
 * dropped.
 */
static inline void dma_resv_iter_end(struct dma_resv_iter *cursor)
{
	dma_fence_put(cursor->fence);
}

/**
 * dma_resv_iter_usage - Return the usage of the current fence
 * @cursor: the cursor of the current position
 *
 * Returns the usage of the currently processed fence.
 */
static inline enum dma_resv_usage
dma_resv_iter_usage(struct dma_resv_iter *cursor)
{
	return cursor->fence_usage;
}

/**
 * dma_resv_iter_is_restarted - test if this is the first fence after a restart
 * @cursor: the cursor with the current position
 *
 * Return true if this is the first fence in an iteration after a restart.
 */
static inline bool dma_resv_iter_is_restarted(struct dma_resv_iter *cursor)
{
	return cursor->is_restarted;
}

/**
 * dma_resv_for_each_fence_unlocked - unlocked fence iterator
 * @cursor: a struct dma_resv_iter pointer
 * @fence: the current fence
 *
 * Iterate over the fences in a struct dma_resv object without holding the
 * &dma_resv.lock and using RCU instead. The cursor needs to be initialized
 * with dma_resv_iter_begin() and cleaned up with dma_resv_iter_end(). Inside
 * the iterator a reference to the dma_fence is held and the RCU lock dropped.
 *
 * Beware that the iterator can be restarted when the struct dma_resv for
 * @cursor is modified. Code which accumulates statistics or similar needs to
 * check for this with dma_resv_iter_is_restarted(). For this reason prefer the
 * lock iterator dma_resv_for_each_fence() whenever possible.
 */
#define dma_resv_for_each_fence_unlocked(cursor, fence)			\
	for (fence = dma_resv_iter_first_unlocked(cursor);		\
	     fence; fence = dma_resv_iter_next_unlocked(cursor))

/**
 * dma_resv_for_each_fence - fence iterator
 * @cursor: a struct dma_resv_iter pointer
 * @obj: a dma_resv object pointer
 * @usage: controls which fences to return
 * @fence: the current fence
 *
 * Iterate over the fences in a struct dma_resv object while holding the
 * &dma_resv.lock. @all_fences controls if the shared fences are returned as
 * well. The cursor initialisation is part of the iterator and the fence stays
 * valid as long as the lock is held and so no extra reference to the fence is
 * taken.
 */
#define dma_resv_for_each_fence(cursor, obj, usage, fence)	\
	for (dma_resv_iter_begin(cursor, obj, usage),	\
	     fence = dma_resv_iter_first(cursor); fence;	\
	     fence = dma_resv_iter_next(cursor))

#define dma_resv_held(obj) lockdep_is_held(&(obj)->lock.base)
#define dma_resv_assert_held(obj) lockdep_assert_held(&(obj)->lock.base)

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_MUTEXES
void dma_resv_reset_max_fences(struct dma_resv *obj);
#else
static inline void dma_resv_reset_max_fences(struct dma_resv *obj) {}
#endif

/**
 * dma_resv_lock - lock the reservation object
 * @obj: the reservation object
 * @ctx: the locking context
 *
 * Locks the reservation object for exclusive access and modification. Note,
 * that the lock is only against other writers, readers will run concurrently
 * with a writer under RCU. The seqlock is used to notify readers if they
 * overlap with a writer.
 *
 * As the reservation object may be locked by multiple parties in an
 * undefined order, a #ww_acquire_ctx is passed to unwind if a cycle
 * is detected. See ww_mutex_lock() and ww_acquire_init(). A reservation
 * object may be locked by itself by passing NULL as @ctx.
 *
 * When a die situation is indicated by returning -EDEADLK all locks held by
 * @ctx must be unlocked and then dma_resv_lock_slow() called on @obj.
 *
 * Unlocked by calling dma_resv_unlock().
 *
 * See also dma_resv_lock_interruptible() for the interruptible variant.
 */
static inline int dma_resv_lock(struct dma_resv *obj,
				struct ww_acquire_ctx *ctx)
{
	return ww_mutex_lock(&obj->lock, ctx);
}

/**
 * dma_resv_lock_interruptible - lock the reservation object
 * @obj: the reservation object
 * @ctx: the locking context
 *
 * Locks the reservation object interruptible for exclusive access and
 * modification. Note, that the lock is only against other writers, readers
 * will run concurrently with a writer under RCU. The seqlock is used to
 * notify readers if they overlap with a writer.
 *
 * As the reservation object may be locked by multiple parties in an
 * undefined order, a #ww_acquire_ctx is passed to unwind if a cycle
 * is detected. See ww_mutex_lock() and ww_acquire_init(). A reservation
 * object may be locked by itself by passing NULL as @ctx.
 *
 * When a die situation is indicated by returning -EDEADLK all locks held by
 * @ctx must be unlocked and then dma_resv_lock_slow_interruptible() called on
 * @obj.
 *
 * Unlocked by calling dma_resv_unlock().
 */
static inline int dma_resv_lock_interruptible(struct dma_resv *obj,
					      struct ww_acquire_ctx *ctx)
{
	return ww_mutex_lock_interruptible(&obj->lock, ctx);
}

/**
 * dma_resv_lock_slow - slowpath lock the reservation object
 * @obj: the reservation object
 * @ctx: the locking context
 *
 * Acquires the reservation object after a die case. This function
 * will sleep until the lock becomes available. See dma_resv_lock() as
 * well.
 *
 * See also dma_resv_lock_slow_interruptible() for the interruptible variant.
 */
static inline void dma_resv_lock_slow(struct dma_resv *obj,
				      struct ww_acquire_ctx *ctx)
{
	ww_mutex_lock_slow(&obj->lock, ctx);
}

/**
 * dma_resv_lock_slow_interruptible - slowpath lock the reservation
 * object, interruptible
 * @obj: the reservation object
 * @ctx: the locking context
 *
 * Acquires the reservation object interruptible after a die case. This function
 * will sleep until the lock becomes available. See
 * dma_resv_lock_interruptible() as well.
 */
static inline int dma_resv_lock_slow_interruptible(struct dma_resv *obj,
						   struct ww_acquire_ctx *ctx)
{
	return ww_mutex_lock_slow_interruptible(&obj->lock, ctx);
}

/**
 * dma_resv_trylock - trylock the reservation object
 * @obj: the reservation object
 *
 * Tries to lock the reservation object for exclusive access and modification.
 * Note, that the lock is only against other writers, readers will run
 * concurrently with a writer under RCU. The seqlock is used to notify readers
 * if they overlap with a writer.
 *
 * Also note that since no context is provided, no deadlock protection is
 * possible, which is also not needed for a trylock.
 *
 * Returns true if the lock was acquired, false otherwise.
 */
static inline bool __must_check dma_resv_trylock(struct dma_resv *obj)
{
	return ww_mutex_trylock(&obj->lock, NULL);
}

/**
 * dma_resv_is_locked - is the reservation object locked
 * @obj: the reservation object
 *
 * Returns true if the mutex is locked, false if unlocked.
 */
static inline bool dma_resv_is_locked(struct dma_resv *obj)
{
	return ww_mutex_is_locked(&obj->lock);
}

/**
 * dma_resv_locking_ctx - returns the context used to lock the object
 * @obj: the reservation object
 *
 * Returns the context used to lock a reservation object or NULL if no context
 * was used or the object is not locked at all.
 *
 * WARNING: This interface is pretty horrible, but TTM needs it because it
 * doesn't pass the struct ww_acquire_ctx around in some very long callchains.
 * Everyone else just uses it to check whether they're holding a reservation or
 * not.
 */
static inline struct ww_acquire_ctx *dma_resv_locking_ctx(struct dma_resv *obj)
{
	return READ_ONCE(obj->lock.ctx);
}

/**
 * dma_resv_unlock - unlock the reservation object
 * @obj: the reservation object
 *
 * Unlocks the reservation object following exclusive access.
 */
static inline void dma_resv_unlock(struct dma_resv *obj)
{
	dma_resv_reset_max_fences(obj);
	ww_mutex_unlock(&obj->lock);
}

void dma_resv_init(struct dma_resv *obj);
void dma_resv_fini(struct dma_resv *obj);
int dma_resv_reserve_fences(struct dma_resv *obj, unsigned int num_fences);
void dma_resv_add_fence(struct dma_resv *obj, struct dma_fence *fence,
			enum dma_resv_usage usage);
void dma_resv_replace_fences(struct dma_resv *obj, uint64_t context,
			     struct dma_fence *fence,
			     enum dma_resv_usage usage);
int dma_resv_get_fences(struct dma_resv *obj, enum dma_resv_usage usage,
			unsigned int *num_fences, struct dma_fence ***fences);
int dma_resv_get_singleton(struct dma_resv *obj, enum dma_resv_usage usage,
			   struct dma_fence **fence);
int dma_resv_copy_fences(struct dma_resv *dst, struct dma_resv *src);
long dma_resv_wait_timeout(struct dma_resv *obj, enum dma_resv_usage usage,
			   bool intr, unsigned long timeout);
void dma_resv_set_deadline(struct dma_resv *obj, enum dma_resv_usage usage,
			   ktime_t deadline);
bool dma_resv_test_signaled(struct dma_resv *obj, enum dma_resv_usage usage);
void dma_resv_describe(struct dma_resv *obj, struct seq_file *seq);

#endif /* _LINUX_RESERVATION_H */
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