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serialwin32.py
#! python # # backend for Windows ("win32" incl. 32/64 bit support) # # (C) 2001-2020 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net> # # This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause # # Initial patch to use ctypes by Giovanni Bajo <rasky@develer.com> from __future__ import absolute_import # pylint: disable=invalid-name,too-few-public-methods import ctypes import time from serial import win32 import serial from serial.serialutil import SerialBase, SerialException, to_bytes, PortNotOpenError, SerialTimeoutException class Serial(SerialBase): """Serial port implementation for Win32 based on ctypes.""" BAUDRATES = (50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200) def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): self._port_handle = None self._overlapped_read = None self._overlapped_write = None super(Serial, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) def open(self): """\ Open port with current settings. This may throw a SerialException if the port cannot be opened. """ if self._port is None: raise SerialException("Port must be configured before it can be used.") if self.is_open: raise SerialException("Port is already open.") # the "\\.\COMx" format is required for devices other than COM1-COM8 # not all versions of windows seem to support this properly # so that the first few ports are used with the DOS device name port = self.name try: if port.upper().startswith('COM') and int(port[3:]) > 8: port = '\\\\.\\' + port except ValueError: # for like COMnotanumber pass self._port_handle = win32.CreateFile( port, win32.GENERIC_READ | win32.GENERIC_WRITE, 0, # exclusive access None, # no security win32.OPEN_EXISTING, win32.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | win32.FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, 0) if self._port_handle == win32.INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE: self._port_handle = None # 'cause __del__ is called anyway raise SerialException("could not open port {!r}: {!r}".format(self.portstr, ctypes.WinError())) try: self._overlapped_read = win32.OVERLAPPED() self._overlapped_read.hEvent = win32.CreateEvent(None, 1, 0, None) self._overlapped_write = win32.OVERLAPPED() #~ self._overlapped_write.hEvent = win32.CreateEvent(None, 1, 0, None) self._overlapped_write.hEvent = win32.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None) # Setup a 4k buffer win32.SetupComm(self._port_handle, 4096, 4096) # Save original timeout values: self._orgTimeouts = win32.COMMTIMEOUTS() win32.GetCommTimeouts(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(self._orgTimeouts)) self._reconfigure_port() # Clear buffers: # Remove anything that was there win32.PurgeComm( self._port_handle, win32.PURGE_TXCLEAR | win32.PURGE_TXABORT | win32.PURGE_RXCLEAR | win32.PURGE_RXABORT) except: try: self._close() except: # ignore any exception when closing the port # also to keep original exception that happened when setting up pass self._port_handle = None raise else: self.is_open = True def _reconfigure_port(self): """Set communication parameters on opened port.""" if not self._port_handle: raise SerialException("Can only operate on a valid port handle") # Set Windows timeout values # timeouts is a tuple with the following items: # (ReadIntervalTimeout,ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier, # ReadTotalTimeoutConstant,WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier, # WriteTotalTimeoutConstant) timeouts = win32.COMMTIMEOUTS() if self._timeout is None: pass # default of all zeros is OK elif self._timeout == 0: timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = win32.MAXDWORD else: timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = max(int(self._timeout * 1000), 1) if self._timeout != 0 and self._inter_byte_timeout is not None: timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = max(int(self._inter_byte_timeout * 1000), 1) if self._write_timeout is None: pass elif self._write_timeout == 0: timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = win32.MAXDWORD else: timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = max(int(self._write_timeout * 1000), 1) win32.SetCommTimeouts(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(timeouts)) win32.SetCommMask(self._port_handle, win32.EV_ERR) # Setup the connection info. # Get state and modify it: comDCB = win32.DCB() win32.GetCommState(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(comDCB)) comDCB.BaudRate = self._baudrate if self._bytesize == serial.FIVEBITS: comDCB.ByteSize = 5 elif self._bytesize == serial.SIXBITS: comDCB.ByteSize = 6 elif self._bytesize == serial.SEVENBITS: comDCB.ByteSize = 7 elif self._bytesize == serial.EIGHTBITS: comDCB.ByteSize = 8 else: raise ValueError("Unsupported number of data bits: {!r}".format(self._bytesize)) if self._parity == serial.PARITY_NONE: comDCB.Parity = win32.NOPARITY comDCB.fParity = 0 # Disable Parity Check elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_EVEN: comDCB.Parity = win32.EVENPARITY comDCB.fParity = 1 # Enable Parity Check elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_ODD: comDCB.Parity = win32.ODDPARITY comDCB.fParity = 1 # Enable Parity Check elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_MARK: comDCB.Parity = win32.MARKPARITY comDCB.fParity = 1 # Enable Parity Check elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_SPACE: comDCB.Parity = win32.SPACEPARITY comDCB.fParity = 1 # Enable Parity Check else: raise ValueError("Unsupported parity mode: {!r}".format(self._parity)) if self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_ONE: comDCB.StopBits = win32.ONESTOPBIT elif self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE: comDCB.StopBits = win32.ONE5STOPBITS elif self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_TWO: comDCB.StopBits = win32.TWOSTOPBITS else: raise ValueError("Unsupported number of stop bits: {!r}".format(self._stopbits)) comDCB.fBinary = 1 # Enable Binary Transmission # Char. w/ Parity-Err are replaced with 0xff (if fErrorChar is set to TRUE) if self._rs485_mode is None: if self._rtscts: comDCB.fRtsControl = win32.RTS_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE else: comDCB.fRtsControl = win32.RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE if self._rts_state else win32.RTS_CONTROL_DISABLE comDCB.fOutxCtsFlow = self._rtscts else: # checks for unsupported settings # XXX verify if platform really does not have a setting for those if not self._rs485_mode.rts_level_for_tx: raise ValueError( 'Unsupported value for RS485Settings.rts_level_for_tx: {!r} (only True is allowed)'.format( self._rs485_mode.rts_level_for_tx,)) if self._rs485_mode.rts_level_for_rx: raise ValueError( 'Unsupported value for RS485Settings.rts_level_for_rx: {!r} (only False is allowed)'.format( self._rs485_mode.rts_level_for_rx,)) if self._rs485_mode.delay_before_tx is not None: raise ValueError( 'Unsupported value for RS485Settings.delay_before_tx: {!r} (only None is allowed)'.format( self._rs485_mode.delay_before_tx,)) if self._rs485_mode.delay_before_rx is not None: raise ValueError( 'Unsupported value for RS485Settings.delay_before_rx: {!r} (only None is allowed)'.format( self._rs485_mode.delay_before_rx,)) if self._rs485_mode.loopback: raise ValueError( 'Unsupported value for RS485Settings.loopback: {!r} (only False is allowed)'.format( self._rs485_mode.loopback,)) comDCB.fRtsControl = win32.RTS_CONTROL_TOGGLE comDCB.fOutxCtsFlow = 0 if self._dsrdtr: comDCB.fDtrControl = win32.DTR_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE else: comDCB.fDtrControl = win32.DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE if self._dtr_state else win32.DTR_CONTROL_DISABLE comDCB.fOutxDsrFlow = self._dsrdtr comDCB.fOutX = self._xonxoff comDCB.fInX = self._xonxoff comDCB.fNull = 0 comDCB.fErrorChar = 0 comDCB.fAbortOnError = 0 comDCB.XonChar = serial.XON comDCB.XoffChar = serial.XOFF if not win32.SetCommState(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(comDCB)): raise SerialException( 'Cannot configure port, something went wrong. ' 'Original message: {!r}'.format(ctypes.WinError())) #~ def __del__(self): #~ self.close() def _close(self): """internal close port helper""" if self._port_handle is not None: # Restore original timeout values: win32.SetCommTimeouts(self._port_handle, self._orgTimeouts) if self._overlapped_read is not None: self.cancel_read() win32.CloseHandle(self._overlapped_read.hEvent) self._overlapped_read = None if self._overlapped_write is not None: self.cancel_write() win32.CloseHandle(self._overlapped_write.hEvent) self._overlapped_write = None win32.CloseHandle(self._port_handle) self._port_handle = None def close(self): """Close port""" if self.is_open: self._close() self.is_open = False # - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - @property def in_waiting(self): """Return the number of bytes currently in the input buffer.""" flags = win32.DWORD() comstat = win32.COMSTAT() if not win32.ClearCommError(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(flags), ctypes.byref(comstat)): raise SerialException("ClearCommError failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError())) return comstat.cbInQue def read(self, size=1): """\ Read size bytes from the serial port. If a timeout is set it may return less characters as requested. With no timeout it will block until the requested number of bytes is read. """ if not self.is_open: raise PortNotOpenError() if size > 0: win32.ResetEvent(self._overlapped_read.hEvent) flags = win32.DWORD() comstat = win32.COMSTAT() if not win32.ClearCommError(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(flags), ctypes.byref(comstat)): raise SerialException("ClearCommError failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError())) n = min(comstat.cbInQue, size) if self.timeout == 0 else size if n > 0: buf = ctypes.create_string_buffer(n) rc = win32.DWORD() read_ok = win32.ReadFile( self._port_handle, buf, n, ctypes.byref(rc), ctypes.byref(self._overlapped_read)) if not read_ok and win32.GetLastError() not in (win32.ERROR_SUCCESS, win32.ERROR_IO_PENDING): raise SerialException("ReadFile failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError())) result_ok = win32.GetOverlappedResult( self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(self._overlapped_read), ctypes.byref(rc), True) if not result_ok: if win32.GetLastError() != win32.ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: raise SerialException("GetOverlappedResult failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError())) read = buf.raw[:rc.value] else: read = bytes() else: read = bytes() return bytes(read) def write(self, data): """Output the given byte string over the serial port.""" if not self.is_open: raise PortNotOpenError() #~ if not isinstance(data, (bytes, bytearray)): #~ raise TypeError('expected %s or bytearray, got %s' % (bytes, type(data))) # convert data (needed in case of memoryview instance: Py 3.1 io lib), ctypes doesn't like memoryview data = to_bytes(data) if data: #~ win32event.ResetEvent(self._overlapped_write.hEvent) n = win32.DWORD() success = win32.WriteFile(self._port_handle, data, len(data), ctypes.byref(n), self._overlapped_write) if self._write_timeout != 0: # if blocking (None) or w/ write timeout (>0) if not success and win32.GetLastError() not in (win32.ERROR_SUCCESS, win32.ERROR_IO_PENDING): raise SerialException("WriteFile failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError())) # Wait for the write to complete. #~ win32.WaitForSingleObject(self._overlapped_write.hEvent, win32.INFINITE) win32.GetOverlappedResult(self._port_handle, self._overlapped_write, ctypes.byref(n), True) if win32.GetLastError() == win32.ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: return n.value # canceled IO is no error if n.value != len(data): raise SerialTimeoutException('Write timeout') return n.value else: errorcode = win32.ERROR_SUCCESS if success else win32.GetLastError() if errorcode in (win32.ERROR_INVALID_USER_BUFFER, win32.ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY, win32.ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED): return 0 elif errorcode in (win32.ERROR_SUCCESS, win32.ERROR_IO_PENDING): # no info on true length provided by OS function in async mode return len(data) else: raise SerialException("WriteFile failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError())) else: return 0 def flush(self): """\ Flush of file like objects. In this case, wait until all data is written. """ while self.out_waiting: time.sleep(0.05) # XXX could also use WaitCommEvent with mask EV_TXEMPTY, but it would # require overlapped IO and it's also only possible to set a single mask # on the port--- def reset_input_buffer(self): """Clear input buffer, discarding all that is in the buffer.""" if not self.is_open: raise PortNotOpenError() win32.PurgeComm(self._port_handle, win32.PURGE_RXCLEAR | win32.PURGE_RXABORT) def reset_output_buffer(self): """\ Clear output buffer, aborting the current output and discarding all that is in the buffer. """ if not self.is_open: raise PortNotOpenError() win32.PurgeComm(self._port_handle, win32.PURGE_TXCLEAR | win32.PURGE_TXABORT) def _update_break_state(self): """Set break: Controls TXD. When active, to transmitting is possible.""" if not self.is_open: raise PortNotOpenError() if self._break_state: win32.SetCommBreak(self._port_handle) else: win32.ClearCommBreak(self._port_handle) def _update_rts_state(self): """Set terminal status line: Request To Send""" if self._rts_state: win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.SETRTS) else: win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.CLRRTS) def _update_dtr_state(self): """Set terminal status line: Data Terminal Ready""" if self._dtr_state: win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.SETDTR) else: win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.CLRDTR) def _GetCommModemStatus(self): if not self.is_open: raise PortNotOpenError() stat = win32.DWORD() win32.GetCommModemStatus(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(stat)) return stat.value @property def cts(self): """Read terminal status line: Clear To Send""" return win32.MS_CTS_ON & self._GetCommModemStatus() != 0 @property def dsr(self): """Read terminal status line: Data Set Ready""" return win32.MS_DSR_ON & self._GetCommModemStatus() != 0 @property def ri(self): """Read terminal status line: Ring Indicator""" return win32.MS_RING_ON & self._GetCommModemStatus() != 0 @property def cd(self): """Read terminal status line: Carrier Detect""" return win32.MS_RLSD_ON & self._GetCommModemStatus() != 0 # - - platform specific - - - - def set_buffer_size(self, rx_size=4096, tx_size=None): """\ Recommend a buffer size to the driver (device driver can ignore this value). Must be called after the port is opened. """ if tx_size is None: tx_size = rx_size win32.SetupComm(self._port_handle, rx_size, tx_size) def set_output_flow_control(self, enable=True): """\ Manually control flow - when software flow control is enabled. This will do the same as if XON (true) or XOFF (false) are received from the other device and control the transmission accordingly. WARNING: this function is not portable to different platforms! """ if not self.is_open: raise PortNotOpenError() if enable: win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.SETXON) else: win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.SETXOFF) @property def out_waiting(self): """Return how many bytes the in the outgoing buffer""" flags = win32.DWORD() comstat = win32.COMSTAT() if not win32.ClearCommError(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(flags), ctypes.byref(comstat)): raise SerialException("ClearCommError failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError())) return comstat.cbOutQue def _cancel_overlapped_io(self, overlapped): """Cancel a blocking read operation, may be called from other thread""" # check if read operation is pending rc = win32.DWORD() err = win32.GetOverlappedResult( self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(overlapped), ctypes.byref(rc), False) if not err and win32.GetLastError() in (win32.ERROR_IO_PENDING, win32.ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE): # cancel, ignoring any errors (e.g. it may just have finished on its own) win32.CancelIoEx(self._port_handle, overlapped) def cancel_read(self): """Cancel a blocking read operation, may be called from other thread""" self._cancel_overlapped_io(self._overlapped_read) def cancel_write(self): """Cancel a blocking write operation, may be called from other thread""" self._cancel_overlapped_io(self._overlapped_write) @SerialBase.exclusive.setter def exclusive(self, exclusive): """Change the exclusive access setting.""" if exclusive is not None and not exclusive: raise ValueError('win32 only supports exclusive access (not: {})'.format(exclusive)) else: serial.SerialBase.exclusive.__set__(self, exclusive)
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