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units.py
from babel.core import Locale from babel.numbers import format_decimal, LC_NUMERIC class UnknownUnitError(ValueError): def __init__(self, unit, locale): ValueError.__init__(self, "%s is not a known unit in %s" % (unit, locale)) def get_unit_name(measurement_unit, length='long', locale=LC_NUMERIC): """ Get the display name for a measurement unit in the given locale. >>> get_unit_name("radian", locale="en") 'radians' Unknown units will raise exceptions: >>> get_unit_name("battery", locale="fi") Traceback (most recent call last): ... UnknownUnitError: battery/long is not a known unit/length in fi :param measurement_unit: the code of a measurement unit. Known units can be found in the CLDR Unit Validity XML file: https://unicode.org/repos/cldr/tags/latest/common/validity/unit.xml :param length: "short", "long" or "narrow" :param locale: the `Locale` object or locale identifier :return: The unit display name, or None. """ locale = Locale.parse(locale) unit = _find_unit_pattern(measurement_unit, locale=locale) if not unit: raise UnknownUnitError(unit=measurement_unit, locale=locale) return locale.unit_display_names.get(unit, {}).get(length) def _find_unit_pattern(unit_id, locale=LC_NUMERIC): """ Expand an unit into a qualified form. Known units can be found in the CLDR Unit Validity XML file: https://unicode.org/repos/cldr/tags/latest/common/validity/unit.xml >>> _find_unit_pattern("radian", locale="en") 'angle-radian' Unknown values will return None. >>> _find_unit_pattern("horse", locale="en") :param unit_id: the code of a measurement unit. :return: A key to the `unit_patterns` mapping, or None. """ locale = Locale.parse(locale) unit_patterns = locale._data["unit_patterns"] if unit_id in unit_patterns: return unit_id for unit_pattern in sorted(unit_patterns, key=len): if unit_pattern.endswith(unit_id): return unit_pattern def format_unit(value, measurement_unit, length='long', format=None, locale=LC_NUMERIC): """Format a value of a given unit. Values are formatted according to the locale's usual pluralization rules and number formats. >>> format_unit(12, 'length-meter', locale='ro_RO') u'12 metri' >>> format_unit(15.5, 'length-mile', locale='fi_FI') u'15,5 mailia' >>> format_unit(1200, 'pressure-millimeter-ofhg', locale='nb') u'1\\xa0200 millimeter kvikks\\xf8lv' >>> format_unit(270, 'ton', locale='en') u'270 tons' Number formats may be overridden with the ``format`` parameter. >>> import decimal >>> format_unit(decimal.Decimal("-42.774"), 'temperature-celsius', 'short', format='#.0', locale='fr') u'-42,8\\u202f\\xb0C' The locale's usual pluralization rules are respected. >>> format_unit(1, 'length-meter', locale='ro_RO') u'1 metru' >>> format_unit(0, 'length-mile', locale='cy') u'0 mi' >>> format_unit(1, 'length-mile', locale='cy') u'1 filltir' >>> format_unit(3, 'length-mile', locale='cy') u'3 milltir' >>> format_unit(15, 'length-horse', locale='fi') Traceback (most recent call last): ... UnknownUnitError: length-horse is not a known unit in fi .. versionadded:: 2.2.0 :param value: the value to format. If this is a string, no number formatting will be attempted. :param measurement_unit: the code of a measurement unit. Known units can be found in the CLDR Unit Validity XML file: https://unicode.org/repos/cldr/tags/latest/common/validity/unit.xml :param length: "short", "long" or "narrow" :param format: An optional format, as accepted by `format_decimal`. :param locale: the `Locale` object or locale identifier """ locale = Locale.parse(locale) q_unit = _find_unit_pattern(measurement_unit, locale=locale) if not q_unit: raise UnknownUnitError(unit=measurement_unit, locale=locale) unit_patterns = locale._data["unit_patterns"][q_unit].get(length, {}) if isinstance(value, str): # Assume the value is a preformatted singular. formatted_value = value plural_form = "one" else: formatted_value = format_decimal(value, format, locale) plural_form = locale.plural_form(value) if plural_form in unit_patterns: return unit_patterns[plural_form].format(formatted_value) # Fall back to a somewhat bad representation. # nb: This is marked as no-cover, as the current CLDR seemingly has no way for this to happen. return '%s %s' % ( # pragma: no cover formatted_value, (get_unit_name(measurement_unit, length=length, locale=locale) or measurement_unit) ) def _find_compound_unit(numerator_unit, denominator_unit, locale=LC_NUMERIC): """ Find a predefined compound unit pattern. Used internally by format_compound_unit. >>> _find_compound_unit("kilometer", "hour", locale="en") 'speed-kilometer-per-hour' >>> _find_compound_unit("mile", "gallon", locale="en") 'consumption-mile-per-gallon' If no predefined compound pattern can be found, `None` is returned. >>> _find_compound_unit("gallon", "mile", locale="en") >>> _find_compound_unit("horse", "purple", locale="en") :param numerator_unit: The numerator unit's identifier :param denominator_unit: The denominator unit's identifier :param locale: the `Locale` object or locale identifier :return: A key to the `unit_patterns` mapping, or None. :rtype: str|None """ locale = Locale.parse(locale) # Qualify the numerator and denominator units. This will turn possibly partial # units like "kilometer" or "hour" into actual units like "length-kilometer" and # "duration-hour". numerator_unit = _find_unit_pattern(numerator_unit, locale=locale) denominator_unit = _find_unit_pattern(denominator_unit, locale=locale) # If either was not found, we can't possibly build a suitable compound unit either. if not (numerator_unit and denominator_unit): return None # Since compound units are named "speed-kilometer-per-hour", we'll have to slice off # the quantities (i.e. "length", "duration") from both qualified units. bare_numerator_unit = numerator_unit.split("-", 1)[-1] bare_denominator_unit = denominator_unit.split("-", 1)[-1] # Now we can try and rebuild a compound unit specifier, then qualify it: return _find_unit_pattern("%s-per-%s" % (bare_numerator_unit, bare_denominator_unit), locale=locale) def format_compound_unit( numerator_value, numerator_unit=None, denominator_value=1, denominator_unit=None, length='long', format=None, locale=LC_NUMERIC ): """ Format a compound number value, i.e. "kilometers per hour" or similar. Both unit specifiers are optional to allow for formatting of arbitrary values still according to the locale's general "per" formatting specifier. >>> format_compound_unit(7, denominator_value=11, length="short", locale="pt") '7/11' >>> format_compound_unit(150, "kilometer", denominator_unit="hour", locale="sv") '150 kilometer per timme' >>> format_compound_unit(150, "kilowatt", denominator_unit="year", locale="fi") '150 kilowattia / vuosi' >>> format_compound_unit(32.5, "ton", 15, denominator_unit="hour", locale="en") '32.5 tons per 15 hours' >>> format_compound_unit(160, denominator_unit="square-meter", locale="fr") '160 par m\\xe8tre carr\\xe9' >>> format_compound_unit(4, "meter", "ratakisko", length="short", locale="fi") '4 m/ratakisko' >>> format_compound_unit(35, "minute", denominator_unit="fathom", locale="sv") '35 minuter per famn' >>> from babel.numbers import format_currency >>> format_compound_unit(format_currency(35, "JPY", locale="de"), denominator_unit="liter", locale="de") '35\\xa0\\xa5 pro Liter' See https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/tr35-general.html#perUnitPatterns :param numerator_value: The numerator value. This may be a string, in which case it is considered preformatted and the unit is ignored. :param numerator_unit: The numerator unit. See `format_unit`. :param denominator_value: The denominator value. This may be a string, in which case it is considered preformatted and the unit is ignored. :param denominator_unit: The denominator unit. See `format_unit`. :param length: The formatting length. "short", "long" or "narrow" :param format: An optional format, as accepted by `format_decimal`. :param locale: the `Locale` object or locale identifier :return: A formatted compound value. """ locale = Locale.parse(locale) # Look for a specific compound unit first... if numerator_unit and denominator_unit and denominator_value == 1: compound_unit = _find_compound_unit(numerator_unit, denominator_unit, locale=locale) if compound_unit: return format_unit(numerator_value, compound_unit, length=length, format=format, locale=locale) # ... failing that, construct one "by hand". if isinstance(numerator_value, str): # Numerator is preformatted formatted_numerator = numerator_value elif numerator_unit: # Numerator has unit formatted_numerator = format_unit( numerator_value, numerator_unit, length=length, format=format, locale=locale ) else: # Unitless numerator formatted_numerator = format_decimal(numerator_value, format=format, locale=locale) if isinstance(denominator_value, str): # Denominator is preformatted formatted_denominator = denominator_value elif denominator_unit: # Denominator has unit if denominator_value == 1: # support perUnitPatterns when the denominator is 1 denominator_unit = _find_unit_pattern(denominator_unit, locale=locale) per_pattern = locale._data["unit_patterns"].get(denominator_unit, {}).get(length, {}).get("per") if per_pattern: return per_pattern.format(formatted_numerator) # See TR-35's per-unit pattern algorithm, point 3.2. # For denominator 1, we replace the value to be formatted with the empty string; # this will make `format_unit` return " second" instead of "1 second". denominator_value = "" formatted_denominator = format_unit( denominator_value, denominator_unit, length=length, format=format, locale=locale ).strip() else: # Bare denominator formatted_denominator = format_decimal(denominator_value, format=format, locale=locale) # TODO: this doesn't support "compound_variations" (or "prefix"), and will fall back to the "x/y" representation per_pattern = locale._data["compound_unit_patterns"].get("per", {}).get(length, {}).get("compound", "{0}/{1}") return per_pattern.format(formatted_numerator, formatted_denominator)
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